华北电力大学学报(社会科学版)

在生态环境治理责任体系化的背景下，亟需构建系统性的损害赔偿原则，为长期缺乏理论指导的生态环境损害赔偿制度提供支撑。传统赔偿原则的理论局限与功能僵化两大问题日益显现，难以适应责任体系化的治理需求，需要通过理论重构回应生态文明建设与司法能动的现实需求。生态环境损害赔偿原则的构建应以动态视角评估生态环境损害质与量的不同维度，整合损害担责、预防为主及利益衡量等多元价值功能，形成弹性赔偿机制。该原则在宏观层面，通过明确责任主体、衔接救济路径，促进多元共治的治理格局的形成；在微观层面，通过细化赔偿标准、协调赔偿机制，推动环境治理责任体系的落实。

Under the backdrop of systematized environmental governance liability, there is an urgent need to establish systematic compensation principles that provide theoretical support for the ecological damage compensation system which has long lacked conceptual guidance. The theoretical limitations and functional rigidity inherent in traditional compensation principles have become increasingly apparent,proving inadequate to meet the governance demands of a systematized liability framework. This necessitates theoretical reconstruction to address the practical requirements of ecological civilization development and judicial activism. The formulation of ecological damage compensation principles should adopt a dynamic perspective to evaluate both qualitative and quantitative dimensions of environmental harm. This approach should integrate multiple value functions including the polluter-pays principle, preventive prioritization, and benefit balancing, thereby forming flexible compensation mechanisms. At the macro level, these principles should facilitate the formation of multi-stakeholder collaborative governance by clarifying liability subjects and connecting remedy pathways. At the micro level, they should promote the implementation of environmental governance responsibility systems through refined compensation criteria and coordinated compensation mechanisms.