华北电力大学学报(社会科学版)

受国内和东道国产业结构影响，我国企业在“一带一路”沿线国家的投资选择具有环境敏感型和资源寻求型特征。当其遭遇沿线各国本身存在的生态环境基础脆弱、环境保护法治化程度不高以及国际第三方势力介入煽动民意等风险因素时，不可避免地会面临多重生态环境风险。这些风险具有复杂、多元、综合的特点，属于企业海外投资经营中国家风险的重要组成部分，仅依靠企业自身很难有效应对，需从国家和企业两个层面着手寻求治理之道。国家层面应建立“一带一路”沿线国家生态环境评估机制，完善对外投资环境保护规制，重视环境保护软实力输出；企业层面则应处理好与各利益相关者的关系，提高环境保护社会责任意识。

Affected by the current industrial structure of China and the host country, the investment choices of Chinese enterprises in the countries along the Belt and Road Initiative have the characteristics of environmental sensitivity and resource seeking. When they encounter the risk factors such as the fragile ecological environment foundation, the lack of legalization of environmental protection and the involvement of the international third-party forces to incite public opinion, Chinese enterprises will inevitably face many risks caused by ecological and environmental protection. These risks are complex, diversified and comprehensive, and they are an important part of the national risks in overseas investment and operation of enterprises. It is difficult to effectively deal with these risks only by relying on enterprises themselves.Therefore, it is necessary to seek the way of governance from the two levels of state and enterprise: at the national level, we should establish an ecological environment assessment mechanism along the line of the Belt and Road, strengthen the regulation of environment protection for foreign investment, and attach importance to the output of soft power of environmental protection. At the enterprise level, we should handle the relationship well with stakeholders and improve the awareness of social responsibility for environmental protection.